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Rank-by-feature Visualization

作者:Odd on 一月 14, 2008 Posted in RSS | | 觀看文章來源

pa href=”http://moreno.ss.uci.edu/”Linton C. Freeman/a在2000年a href=”http://www.cmu.edu/joss/”Journal of Social Structure/a發表的”a href=”http://www.cmu.edu/joss/content/articles/volume1/Freeman.html”Visualizing Social Networks/a”指出,對於a href=”http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network”social network/a的a href=”http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualization_(graphic)”visualization/a design,有兩個主要的patterns是必須被考慮進去的。(1) strongSocial Positions/strong: sets of actors who are linked into the total social system in similar ways. (2) strongSocial Groups/strong: collections of actors who are closely linked to one another. 針對這兩個議題a href=”http://www.cs.umd.edu/~adamp/”Adam Perer/a在a href=”http://www.chi2006.org/”ACM CHI 2006/a提出了一種”strongRanking-by-feature/strong”的架構來視覺化社群網路,其主要的概念是讓使用者能自行選擇感興趣的準則(ranking citerion)或項目(他把它稱作”feature”),而呈現出來的social graph上的所有nodes與relations就會根據使用者的選擇來做filtering或ranking。我覺得挺直覺的。Perer列出以下幾項他們設計的scenarios。/ppstrongspan style=”font-size:130%;”Entity Rankings/span/strong/pp簡單講,就是根據某種衡量指標來對network的所有節點ranking,然後列出來。系統設計者可以根據多種衡量social network的指標來訂定所謂的feature。然而,由於單對值的排序並無法看出排名較前面的在network扮演的角色或意義,因此可以在graph上做一進步的視覺化解釋。例如,當feature是betweenness a href=”http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrality”centrality/a時(被all-pairs a href=”http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortest_path_problem”shortest path/a經過的次數),秀出ranking list的同時,也將graph上使用者選定的node對應的shortest path levels之edges用alpha值的層次表示出來。/ppa href=”http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4umvzyseJI/AAAAAAAAAT0/4qpS3dgScpw/s1600-h/p1.png”img id=”BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5155397538742565010″ style=”DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center” alt=”" src=”http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4umvzyseJI/AAAAAAAAAT0/4qpS3dgScpw/s400/p1.png” border=”0″ //a/ppa href=”http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unATyseKI/AAAAAAAAAT8/A4hCyhrTWK8/s1600-h/p2.png”img id=”BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5155397822210406562″ style=”DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center” alt=”" src=”http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unATyseKI/AAAAAAAAAT8/A4hCyhrTWK8/s400/p2.png” border=”0″ //a/ppstrongspan style=”font-size:130%;”Relationship Rankings/span/strong/pp關連,也就是relationship,在social network是最主要的成員,在rank-by-feature的架構下,relation的呈現分為兩個部份,一個是用類似陣列的方式呈現(half-matrix for undirected, full-matrix for directed),如下圖。該矩陣的維度是network中nodes的個數。其中每個cell代表兩個entities彼此在特定feature下的相似度或可接近程度(affinity),透過不同顏色或是同顏色不同alpha值的方式,讓使用者清楚relation的程度與關係。另一方面,當使用者點選matrix上某個cell時,繪出該matrix的graph會同步highlight秀出對應的path,作為一種strongvisual explanation/strong。/ppa href=”http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unODyseLI/AAAAAAAAAUE/GYUpSeANrXE/s1600-h/p3.png”img id=”BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5155398058433607858″ style=”DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center” alt=”" src=”http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unODyseLI/AAAAAAAAAUE/GYUpSeANrXE/s400/p3.png” border=”0″ //a/ppa href=”http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unazyseMI/AAAAAAAAAUM/IkOZb50E2mU/s1600-h/p4.png”img id=”BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5155398277476939970″ style=”DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center” alt=”" src=”http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unazyseMI/AAAAAAAAAUM/IkOZb50E2mU/s400/p4.png” border=”0″ //a/ppstrongspan style=”font-size:130%;”Cohensive Subgroups/span/strong/pp然而,當graph的內容很大時,過量的視覺化內容將不利呈現與分析,此時,互動性(interactive procedures)就扮演了關鍵的角色,也就是透過互動瀏覽,以及feature的選定,如a href=”http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connected_component_(graph_theory)”connected component/a或a href=”http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community”community/a(attribute-based or link-based),動態且即時地將node的結合形成subgroups。此外,為了能夠做比較,使用者能夠任意選取特定多個subgraph來呈現,並列出他們在一些衡量標準上的差異。/ppa href=”http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unoDyseNI/AAAAAAAAAUU/kxbwBGjXs14/s1600-h/p5.png”img id=”BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5155398505110206674″ style=”DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center” alt=”" src=”http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4unoDyseNI/AAAAAAAAAUU/kxbwBGjXs14/s400/p5.png” border=”0″ //a/ppstrongspan style=”font-size:130%;”Ego-Centered Exploration/span/strong/pp最後,也是最直覺的一項,就是選定某一node,以該節點為中心,如tree的root般,依據depth(or level)逐層以同系列的視覺化效果顯示,而使用者可以調整想秀出幾層。如下圖。/ppa href=”http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4un4zyseOI/AAAAAAAAAUc/CgMF6vcetxs/s1600-h/p6.png”img id=”BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5155398792873015522″ style=”DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center” alt=”" src=”http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_kdPlXSbamSU/R4un4zyseOI/AAAAAAAAAUc/CgMF6vcetxs/s400/p6.png” border=”0″ //a/p

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